Penalties. A person commits an offense if the person knowingly fails or refuses to obey a rule, orderor instruction of the department or an order or instruction of a health authority issued under a department rule and published during an area quarantine under this section. An offense under this subsection is a felony of the third degree.

Police Power and Limitations. Public safety officials can isolate or close any building that is the source of contamination and provide for the destruction or cleansing of property that is acting as a public nuisance. The governor can suspend any law which impedes the ability to respond to a civil defense emergency. Subjects of quarantine should have their dignity respected and be kept in the least restrictive environment dictated by public health requirements. They have the right to contest a quarantine order in court.

Authority. The governor, in the event of a civil defense emergency, may require the quarantine of persons affected with a disease that presents a public health risk. The Department of Health can petition the court for a quarantine order, or if necessary for the protection of public health, establish a quarantine, provided they submit a petition to the court. The Department of Health can require immunization against a communicable disease with exceptions based on medical risk and religious objection.

Penalties. 1. A person who has a communicable disease in an infectious state shall not conduct himself or herself in any manner likely to expose others to the disease or engage in any occupation in which it is likely that the disease will be transmitted to others.

2. A health authority who has reason to believe that a person is in violation of subsection 1 shall issue a warning to that person, in writing, informing the person of the behavior which constitutes the violation and of the precautions that the person must take to avoid exposing others to the disease. The warning must be served upon the person by delivering a copy to him or her.

3. A person who violates the provisions of subsection 1 after service upon him or her of a warning from a health authority is guilty of a misdemeanor.

Isolation and Quarantine of Persons or Groups of Persons

Authority. 1. If a health authority isolates, quarantines or treats a person or group of persons infected with, exposed to, or reasonably believed by a health authority to have been infected with or exposed to a communicable disease, the authority must isolate, quarantine or treat the person or group of persons in the manner set forth inNRS 441A.510to441A.720, inclusive.

2.  A health authority shall provide each person whom it isolates or quarantines pursuant toNRS 441A.510to441A.720, inclusive, with a document informing the person of his or her rights. The Board shall adopt regulations:

(a) Setting forth the rights of a person who is isolated or quarantined that must be included in the document provided pursuant to this subsection; and

(b) Specifying the time and manner in which the document must be provided pursuant to this subsection.

Police Power & Limitations. 1.  No application or certificate authorized underNRS 441A.560or441A.570may be considered if made by a person on behalf of a medical facility or by a health authority, physician, physician assistant licensed pursuant tochapter 630or633of NRS or registered nurse who is related by blood or marriage to the person alleged to have been infected with or exposed to a communicable disease, or who is financially interested, in a manner that would be prohibited pursuant toNRS 439B.425if the application or certificate were deemed a referral, in a medical facility in which the person alleged to have been infected with or exposed to a communicable disease is to be detained.

2.  No application or certificate of any health authority or person authorized underNRS 441A.560or441A.570may be considered unless it is based on personal observation, examination or epidemiological investigation of the person or group of persons alleged to have been infected with or exposed to a communicable disease made by such health authority or person not more than 72 hours before the making of the application or certificate. The certificate must set forth in detail the facts and reasons on which the health authority or person who submitted the certificate pursuant toNRS 441A.570based his or her opinions and conclusions.

Authority. The state board of health shall provide a forum for the development of public health policy in the state of Iowa and shall have the following powers and duties: Prevention of epidemics and the spread of disease, including communicable and infectious diseases such as zoonotic diseases, quarantine and isolation, sexually transmitted diseases, and antitoxins and vaccines.

Penalties. Unless otherwise provided in this chapter, a person who knowingly violates any provision of this chapter, or of the rules of the department or a local board, or any lawful order, written or oral, of the department or board, or of their officers or authorized agents, is guilty of a simple misdemeanor.

Police Power & Limitations: Area quarantine or isolation must be imposed by the least restrictive means necessary to prevent the spread of disease. A person subject to forced quarantine or isolation may employ, at the person's own expense, a health care professional of the person's choice.